Xinhuanet: Demystifying How Nuclear Power Plants Are "Foolproof"
Source: Xinhua Net News Date: 2015-02-02
Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, January 30th, ever since we entered the nuclear industry, we have been in awe of nuclear safety. Technically, the awe of nuclear safety is reflected in always acknowledging and searching for technical deficiencies; for human factors, the awe of nuclear safety is reflected in acknowledging your ignorance, needing to learn forever, and always maintain a questioning attitude.
Through the long Qinshan tunnel, the eyes suddenly opened up, the buildings were high and low, staggered, the road was wide and clean, and the air was clean. This is the core area of Qinshan Nuclear Power Station, China's largest nuclear power base.
Not long ago, the National Nuclear Safety Administration, the National Energy Administration, and the National Science, Technology and Industry Administration jointly issued the Nuclear Safety Culture Policy Statement to promote the cultivation and development of nuclear safety culture across the industry. The reporter followed the staff of the Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute to the Qinshan Nuclear Power Station to visit what exactly is a nuclear safety culture.
Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Technology is the design unit of the first phase of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant in mainland China, and the technical supporter for the continuous development of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Base. The two units are closely related. Shanghai has at least three trips a week to Qinshan. After 30 years of development, the Qinshan Nuclear Power Base has nine units with a total installed capacity of 6.546 million kilowatts and an annual power generation of about 50 billion kilowatt hours. It is currently the nuclear power base with the largest number of nuclear power units, the most abundant reactors and the largest installed capacity in the country.
"Safety is the lifeline of nuclear power plants. For many years, the National Nuclear Safety Administration has formulated a series of safety guidelines for the site selection, design, procurement, construction, commissioning, operation, and decommissioning of nuclear power plants. System. "Sun Xuewei, director and senior engineer of the Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Industry, said," For example, the safety of nuclear reactors that people are most worried about is designed with fuel pellets, nuclear fuel cladding, primary circuit pressure boundary, and containment. Physical safety barriers ensure that normal operating nuclear power plants will not leak. After the Fukushima accident, China conducted comprehensive safety inspections of civilian nuclear facilities, basically meeting the requirements of China's current nuclear safety regulations and the latest standards of the International Atomic Energy Agency. "
The reporter looked out from the office window of Liu Zhiyong, the person in charge of the safety of Qinshan Nuclear Power Base and the deputy general manager of China Nuclear Nuclear Power Operation Management Co., Ltd., and he could see the containment of four 650,000 kilowatt nuclear reactors. The gray-white concrete cylinder structure is embedded in the surrounding buildings inconspicuously, and it is not far from the office building.
"In order to ensure the foolproof operation of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Base, we have summed up and formulated eight principles of an excellent nuclear safety culture, which are: everyone has a responsibility for nuclear safety, leaders set an example for safety, establish a high degree of trust within the organization, and make decisions reflect safety first. Recognize the peculiarity and uniqueness of nuclear technology, cultivate a questioning attitude, advocate learning organizations, and normalize assessment and supervision activities. "Liu Zhiyong said," Here, each of us is the last barrier to nuclear safety. "
The construction of nuclear safety culture penetrates every corner of Qinshan Nuclear Power Base. Every day, each department must learn "a piece of safety information every day" before any meeting. The information is provided by the company's 58 departments in turn, including non-business departments such as the finance department and the party and mass division. Every job has to go through the steps of document preparation, review, approval, execution, and so on. On the page of the production operation management system, there is also a human error clock. Once a very small human error occurs, the clock number is immediately cleared to warn that safety production must not be slack.
The main control room next to the containment of the nuclear reactor is the control center of the nuclear power plant, and its status is extremely important. The operator needs to pass three checkpoint security checks and enter a password before entering. Although the reporter was not able to go in and see the real content, in the simulation room of the main control room, I saw that several preliminary operators were being fully trained.
It turned out that in order to provide technical training for personnel in key positions in nuclear power plants, the Qinshan Nuclear Power Base has established a simulator for the main control room. The important process flow, parameter status, and control logic of the nuclear power plant have been highly simulated intact. Various normal and abnormal working conditions of the actual crew can be simulated to train operators to deal with various accidents.
In the simulation computer room, I saw countless red, red, green, large and small complex buttons, which covered a whole wall of simulation operation consoles. Operators must be familiar with the function of each button and be issued by the state. After the certificate, you can really start your job.
"Since we started working in the nuclear industry, we have been in awe of nuclear safety. Technically, the awe of nuclear safety is reflected in always recognizing and looking for technical shortcomings; for human reasons, the awe of nuclear safety is reflected in acknowledging our ignorance. Xia Jianjun, a member of the Party and Mass Work Department of China Nuclear Nuclear Power Operation Management Co., Ltd., needs to learn forever and always maintain a questioning attitude.