Electricity will become the main body of energy consumption
Source: People's Daily Online Date: 2015-02-06
At the end of 2014, China and the United States signed the "Sino-US Joint Statement on Climate Change", in which China promised to increase the proportion of non-fossil energy to primary energy consumption in 2030 from 20% to 15%. The signing of the "China-US Joint Statement on Climate Change" put forward higher requirements for China's energy structure adjustment.
Adjusting the energy structure has always been one of the important tasks facing China's energy development, and it is also an important part of ensuring China's energy security. Adjusting the energy structure is to reduce the demand and consumption of fossil energy resources and vigorously develop new and renewable energy.
In the past 10 years, China ’s power development has achieved world-renowned achievements. The proportion of power in terminal energy consumption has gradually increased, gradually replacing coal and oil to a certain extent. With the advent of the electrification era, electricity as a secondary energy source will become the main body of China's future energy consumption.
According to the national economic and social development requirements, we predict that China's entire society will use 8.1 trillion kilowatt-hours of electricity in 2020, and the per capita electricity consumption will reach 5,700 kilowatt-hours, reaching the level of major European developed countries. As we all know, coal-fired power generation still accounts for the largest proportion of China's total power generation. Based on factors such as development difficulty, total reserves, and environmental protection requirements, it is expected that this proportion will gradually decrease to about 50% in the next 5 years. Nuclear power generation, wind power generation, hydropower generation, solar photovoltaic power generation, etc. will make great breakthroughs.
中 Among the above-mentioned several power generation pathways, nuclear power is a clean energy with minimal impact on the environment, and nuclear power plants themselves do not emit atmospheric pollutants such as sulfur dioxide. Nuclear energy is a low-carbon energy source. Compared with a coal-fired power plant, a million-kilowatt electric power plant can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by more than 6 million tons per year, which is one of the energy sources with the largest emission reduction effect. In addition, nuclear power has low external costs and has strong economic competitiveness and alternative capabilities for coal power.
At present, China's nuclear power plants that have been put into operation and approved for construction are mainly located in coastal areas. With the social and economic development of the central and western regions and the constraints of resource, energy and environmental issues, China should actively promote the construction of inland nuclear power plants. The construction of inland nuclear power plants can not only ensure the energy support needed for social and economic development, but also reduce the intensity of acid rain and environmental pollution in these areas. This is also a necessary measure to improve atmospheric environmental quality and control atmospheric smog such as PM2.5 in North China, the Yangtze River Basin and Central and South China.
Based on the environmental protection characteristics of nuclear power generation, all countries have raised the development of nuclear energy to a strategic position. In 2014, Poland issued a draft energy policy consultation by 2050: In order to reduce dependence on lignite and black coal, the Polish government's two main proposals for future energy supply proposed the introduction and expansion of nuclear power in 2020 As "an important part of the energy sector after 2025", it is on par with renewable energy.
At the beginning of the new year in 2015, the term nuclear power has become a high-frequency vocabulary of domestic news: nuclear power high-speed rail is leading Chinese equipment to gradually implement the "going out" strategy; China and Pakistan have signed a US $ 34 billion investment agreement around nuclear power; China Power Investment Corporation and State Nuclear Power merge Approved; the "Nuclear Safety Law" has been included in the legislative plan of the National People's Congress, led by the National People's Congress, and the drafting work is being actively promoted.
Although nuclear power is in the process of rapid development, it cannot replace coal power in the short term: since the Fukushima nuclear power plant and other accidents, the safety of nuclear power has made people doubtful, whether it can ensure the smooth operation of nuclear power plants at a high level of safety is the future The key factors for whether nuclear power can be popularized on a large scale. The general public has a sense of resistance and distrust of nuclear power plants. How to select nuclear power plant sites and how to obtain public support is an unavoidable issue for the government. Third, China ’s nuclear power The development of technology is relatively lagging behind developed countries, and nuclear energy has extremely high requirements on factors such as technology, capital, and time period. Nuclear power requires huge financial support compared to the more mature coal power, so coal power still has Obvious price advantage.