Officials from the National Defense Science, Technology and Industry Bureau answer the question: Why did China issue a nuclear white paper for the first time?
Source: China Nuclear Industry News Date: 2016-03-02
Not long ago, the Information Office of the State Council released China's first nuclear-related white paper, "China's Nuclear Emergency," which summarized the experience of China's nuclear emergency in the past 30 years. Recently, Yao Bin, director of the Nuclear Emergency Safety Division of the National Defense Science and Industry Bureau and deputy director of the National Nuclear Accident Emergency Office, was interviewed by reporters on the reasons for the release of the white paper and the progress of China's nuclear emergency system safety construction.
China's nuclear safety record is good, there is no need to talk about "nuclear" discoloration
Reporter: What is China's nuclear safety record?
Yao Bin: The public talks about the "nuclear" discoloration. Most of them have long-term destructive effects on the Sanli Island nuclear power plant accident in 1979, the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, and the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. I have a lingering fear.
以来 Since the development of nuclear energy in China, the overall safety situation has been stable with a good safety record. In the past 30 years, no level 2 or higher incident has occurred in China's nuclear power operation. China's nuclear power development policy is five sentences: safe and efficient development of nuclear power; the use of the most advanced nuclear power technology to develop nuclear power; adhere to the most stringent nuclear safety standards to develop nuclear power; adhere to the most standardized operation and development of nuclear power; to achieve the most adequate emergency nuclear power development.
China's nuclear safety is guaranteed. China's nuclear security situation and nuclear emergency situation are at ease.
White paper was issued out of the dual needs of nuclear power status and social accountability
Journalist: Why was the white paper entitled "China's Nuclear Emergency" issued?
Yao Bin: The publication of this white paper is based on the dual needs of China's status as a nuclear power and its responsibility to the public.
In recent years, China's nuclear energy undertaking has developed safely, efficiently, and continuously. Take nuclear power as an example. Up to now, China has 30 nuclear power units in operation, ranking fourth after the United States, France, and Russia. There are 24 units under construction, ranking first in the world. A total of 54 units under construction are in operation, ranking third in the world. China is a major nuclear energy country and shoulders the international responsibility for the peaceful use of nuclear energy.
A major feature of the plutonium nuclear energy business is that once a safety accident occurs, it will have a radiation impact on the environment and the public, and the impact will have a long-term impact. The public pays great attention to the development of nuclear energy and safety and security, and the government needs to satisfy the public's concerns with facts.
China adheres to a rational, coordinated, and progressive view of nuclear safety, emphasizing "four equal emphasis"
Journalist: How to understand China's nuclear security concept?
Yao Bin: The publication of the White Paper on China's Nuclear Emergency Response is to make a voice heard at home and abroad: The Chinese party and government adhere to China's nuclear safety concept, attach great importance to the safe and efficient development of nuclear energy, and attach great importance to nuclear emergency safety management.
3In March 2014, General Secretary Xi Jinping first proposed China's nuclear safety concept when attending the Hague Nuclear Safety Summit. To develop nuclear energy, we must adhere to rationality, coordination, and progress. Insist on equal emphasis on development and safety, and develop nuclear energy under the premise of ensuring safety; adhere to equal rights and responsibilities, and advance the international nuclear safety process on the basis of respect for the rights and interests of all countries; adhere to equal emphasis on autonomy and cooperation, and seek universal nuclear safety through mutual benefits and win-win approaches; Both the symptoms and the root causes should be addressed, with the goal of eliminating root causes as a comprehensive advancement of nuclear safety efforts.
China solemnly promises to the international community: Unswervingly strengthen its own nuclear safety emergency response capabilities, participate in the construction of an international nuclear safety system, support international cooperation in nuclear safety, and maintain regional and world peace and stability.
"National Team" to build a nuclear accident emergency rescue
Journalist: How is the security construction of China's nuclear emergency system progressing?
Yao Bin: Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", China's nuclear emergency work has made progress in various aspects.
Nuclear emergency concepts and policies have achieved major innovations, and put forward the overall national security concept and China's nuclear security concept.
The national nuclear emergency system consisting of three levels and five systems is more complete, that is, three levels of the state, provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), nuclear-related groups, and nuclear facility operating units; five systems of legal system, plan, command, rescue, and technical support.
National nuclear emergency response capabilities have been comprehensively improved. A number of nuclear emergency facilities have been established, and a network covering nuclear and radiation emergency monitoring, nuclear emergency medical treatment, earthquake prediction, marine radiation environmental monitoring, and nuclear emergency meteorological observation covering the whole country has been formed. The Chinese government has initiated a project to build a Chinese nuclear accident emergency rescue team consisting of 320 people. Establish 1 + 8 national nuclear emergency professional technical support center system, 25 rescue units and 3 training bases. Started the construction of three nuclear power group nuclear emergency rescue bases and rapid rescue teams.
In addition, important exercises including the Aegis-2015 National Nuclear Emergency Joint Exercise were successfully organized. New breakthroughs were made in the development of nuclear emergency technology. Important breakthroughs have been made in nuclear emergency medical rescue and treatment of radioactive diseases, evaluation and decision support systems for the consequences of nuclear accidents, and technical innovations in nuclear emergency environmental meteorological monitoring and forecasting. Nuclear emergency communication and cooperation have been continuously expanded.
At the end of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, a national nuclear emergency system compatible with the development of China's nuclear energy industry will be completed
Q: What are the development prospects of China's nuclear power and China's nuclear emergency work during the 13th Five-Year Plan?
Yao Bin: The Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Party put forward five development concepts of innovation, coordination, greenness, openness and sharing. Nuclear energy is a clean, efficient and high-quality modern energy source.
At present, nuclear power accounts for 12% of the world's overall energy structure, and China's nuclear power accounts for only about 2% of the energy structure. In accordance with China ’s medium and long-term nuclear power development planning goals, by 2020, China ’s installed nuclear power capacity in operation will reach 58 million kilowatts and 30 million kilowatts under construction. After these units are in operation, nuclear power will account for 5% of China's energy structure.
In order to adapt to the new situation of nuclear energy development and meet the public's new expectations for nuclear emergency work, during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the overall goal of China's nuclear emergency work is to build a national nuclear power that is compatible with China's nuclear energy development by the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan". The emergency system promotes, supports, and guarantees China's progress from a nuclear power country to a nuclear power country.
The six specific goals are: to improve the nuclear emergency laws and regulations, the standard system, the nuclear emergency plan system, the nuclear emergency organization and command system, the nuclear emergency rescue system, the nuclear emergency technical support system, and the ability to deal with nuclear emergencies to a new level. . (This article is adapted from Xinhuanet)