"April Strong Voice" for Nuclear Energy Development
Source: China Nuclear Industry News Date: 2015-04-29
At the end of April, a series of events sponsored by the China Nuclear Energy Industry Association kicked off a wave of development discussions in the industry, including the 2015 Annual Conference of the China Nuclear Energy Industry Association, the 11th China International Nuclear Power Industry Exhibition, and the opening period during the exhibition. Such as the World Nuclear Energy Development Forum and the 2015 Industry Information Conference. Undoubtedly, in the second phase of the Hongyanhe nuclear power project, the first demonstration project of "Hualong No. 1"-Fuqing Nuclear Power Units 5 and 6 is about to perform FCD, and China Nuclear Power has ushered in a substantial restart. These activities have It is a powerful booster for industrial development. The relevant information revealed during this period deserves the attention of the industry.
2015 will be a key year for nuclear power restart
"2015 is the final year of the" Twelfth Five-Year Plan ". It is expected that 6 to 8 units will start construction and 8 nuclear power units will be put into commercial operation during the year. The key year for nuclear power restart ... ”This is the statement of Zhang Huazhu, the chairman of the China Nuclear Energy Industry Association, at the 2015 annual meeting of the nuclear power industry association. In 2014, the annual summary of the nuclear power industry meeting was“ three new ”: A series of new achievements and new progress have made new contributions to optimizing the energy structure, increasing the supply of clean energy, and promoting economic and social development. This is mainly reflected in several sets of data:
Plutonium first exceeded 20 million kilowatts of active nuclear power units. According to the relevant information of the annual meeting, currently there are 23 nuclear power generating units in commercial operation in mainland China, with a total installed capacity of 21.386 million kilowatts. As of the end of 2014, the total installed capacity of nuclear power was 20.306 million kilowatts, accounting for 1.49% of the total installed capacity of electricity in the country; the cumulative nuclear power generation for the year was 130.58 billion kilowatt hours, accounting for 2.39% of the total national electricity generation, an increase of 18.89% year-on-year.
Secondly, the scale of nuclear power under construction continues to maintain the world's number one. The specific statistics are “Currently there are 26 nuclear power units under construction in China, with a total installed capacity of 28.5 million kilowatts. In 2014, a total of 56.9 billion yuan was invested in nuclear power project construction”.
It is particularly noteworthy that safe and stable operation has always been a key word in China ’s nuclear power industry. “In 2014, there were no first-level or higher-level operational incidents as defined by the International Nuclear Event Rating Table throughout the year. Maintaining a low level, the emission index of radioactive effluent from nuclear power plants is far below the national standard limit, and the ambient air absorbed dose rate is controlled within the range of local background radiation levels. The average utilization hours of nuclear power equipment for 22 units is 7561.42, The average utilization rate of nuclear power equipment is 86.32%. Compared with the performance indicators stipulated by the World Association of Nuclear Power Operators (WANO), among the more than 400 operating units in the world, China's active nuclear power units are generally at an upper-middle level, with some units and safety indicators Reached the world advanced level. "This set of figures at the annual meeting is obviously a peace of mind for China's nuclear energy industry.
At the same time, the “one-year performance” in nuclear power equipment domestication, nuclear fuel support capabilities, nuclear energy technology innovation, nuclear power “going global”, and nuclear industry management are also extremely eye-catching. For example, the localization of AP1000 equipment and high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, and the independent development of CAP1400 equipment have made important progress. Independent development of "Hualong No. 1" equipment has also started; the world's leading third-generation uranium mining technology has been used in the Mengqiur uranium mine. The first phase of the project was completed one year in advance, and became a model and demonstration project for the construction of new-type uranium mines. The development and demonstration project of the national major science and technology project "Large Advanced Pressurized Water Reactor and High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor Nuclear Power Plant" has made good progress, with independent intellectual property rights. The first "Hualong No. 1" reactor landed in Fuqing, Fujian, and the China Experimental Fast Reactor achieved 72-hour full-power stable operation for the first time. The substantial progress of "going out" of nuclear power includes: signing intergovernmental nuclear energy cooperation agreements with Romania and Argentina, The heavy water reactor nuclear power project is basically finalized, and the two parties are negotiating commercial contracts; signed a joint statement on Sino-British intergovernmental civil nuclear energy cooperation, and actively promoting Hinckley Point and subsequent nuclear power projects; and nuclear power cooperation with South Africa, Turkey, Czech Republic, Saudi Arabia and other countries Advance in a pragmatic manner. In 2015, it signed an agreement with Argentina to cooperate in the construction of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant in Argentina, pushing the "Hualong-1" to land in Argentina ...
Work out the "question list" and make breakthroughs one by one
However, behind the "three new", the annual meeting will also sort out a "list of issues" for the better development of the industry: in the pace of development, China's nuclear power must maintain a rapid development rate in the next 10 years in order to achieve the established nuclear power Development goals; in terms of project advancement, the AP1000 nuclear power autonomous project needs to resolve the problems encountered in the construction of the first unit as soon as possible. The requirements for restarting the construction of new nuclear power projects in coastal areas need to be implemented promptly. Inland nuclear power construction needs to accelerate research and demonstration. Only in this way can we provide strong support for the steady development of nuclear power during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period; in implementing the innovation-driven strategy, breaking through the bottleneck of nuclear power technology, improving the ability of nuclear power technology to innovate independently, and realizing the localization and autonomy of the three generations of nuclear power generation, "Going out" of nuclear power and realizing the transition from a big nuclear power country to a strong nuclear power country; on the coordinated development of the nuclear power industry chain, nuclear power equipment manufacturing enterprises have the problems of excess production capacity and insufficient start-up, as well as nuclear power equipment manufacturing capabilities and The issue of continuous improvement of the level; , The Government, enterprises and social organizations still need more effort; on institutional innovation, nuclear power industry system, there are still some outstanding issues, need to deepen reform and further improvement.
To this end, the Nuclear Energy Industry Association will further strengthen its research on major issues in the nuclear energy industry. Zhang Huazhu said: "The relevant seminars organized by the Association have put forward many constructive opinions and suggestions, and reflected the demands of these industries to relevant government departments. One of our key tasks in 2015. "Promoting the safe development of the nuclear energy industry is regarded by Zhang Huazhu as" the top priority of the work of the Association ". According to the reporter's understanding, the related work plan has also been carried out layer by layer, including nuclear power peer assessment and experience exchange, organizing experts to provide technical support for emergency exercise evaluation of nuclear power plants, "public communication peer review", "nuclear safety law legislative technical support" 》 And other activities and topics. Of course, the hottest "going out" of China's nuclear power is also a focus of the nuclear energy industry association. The reporter learned from the annual meeting that in 2015, the Nuclear Energy Industry Association will continue to promote and strengthen bilateral cooperative relations with the World Association of Nuclear Power Operators (WANO), the American Nuclear Power Operations Association (INPO), the British Nuclear Industry Association (NIA), and coordinate The implementation of the memorandum of understanding with the French Nuclear Power Standards Association (AFCEN), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), etc., actively creates conditions for enterprises to "go global", and will hold multiple related technical exchange activities.
"Hualong No. 1" became the protagonist
The annual conference is just one of the highlights of the China Industry Association in April. The eleventh China International Nuclear Power Industry Exhibition hosted by it was also grandly opened after the annual conference. According to the reporter's understanding, nearly 200 nuclear power industry enterprises and research institutes from 10 countries including China, the United States, and France participated in this nuclear power exhibition. The exhibition has also become a good show for domestic and foreign nuclear energy companies to show their strength and the latest developments. stage. At this three-day exhibition, the content of the display almost included the entire nuclear energy industry chain: reactors, nuclear fuel cycle technology and products, power transmission technology and equipment, nuclear accident emergency communications equipment, nuclear power science and other content, everything.
Among them, the "Hualong One" model launched by China Nuclear Group and CGNPC is particularly noticeable. With the first pile of "Hualong One" settled in Fujian Fuqing Nuclear Power, it is foreseeable that the attention of "Hualong One" will also increase. The higher the number of visitors around its model during the exhibition, the endless stream of visitors was just a small "epitome of heat". The series of information release and business activities organized by the two major groups around the "Hualong One" also showed that " "Hualong-1" has been a protagonist of China's nuclear power construction and "going global". Such a protagonist identity is even more optimistic about driving the equipment industry out of the mud. Relevant experts said in an interview with reporters: "The domesticization rate of the first batch of 'Hualong No. 1' construction will be no less than 85%, and the mass production of equipment will not be less than 95%. The supply of key equipment can rely on existing The nuclear power unit has formed localization capabilities. "Obviously, the industrial clustering effect of the" Hualong One "has gradually become prominent.
Countries clear the direction of nuclear energy development
The World Nuclear Energy Development Forum, which was also held during the exhibition, was also well received. Relevant leaders, experts and scholars from industry authorities at home and abroad made relevant reports on the forum and conducted in-depth exchanges on nuclear power development, strengthening nuclear power safety supervision, nuclear energy technology routes, development strategies and other issues. From the International Atomic Energy Agency and the participating countries' energy From the speeches of the representatives of the competent authorities, everyone ’s consensus is the same: Although the world ’s nuclear energy development in the “post-Fukushima era” faces many challenges, nuclear power, as a safe and low-carbon energy source, is bound to usher in a new round. Opportunity. Among them, Japan ’s nuclear energy trend in the accident country “still remains unchanged”.
Takuya Hattori, the chairman of the Japan Atomic Energy Industry Association, frankly stated at the forum that the Fukushima nuclear accident has caused the Japanese people to lose some confidence in the use of nuclear power. Fossil fuels have led to a rise in electricity prices. Corporate electricity costs have increased by 30% compared to before the accident, and household electricity costs have increased by 20%. In addition, large amounts of carbon dioxide emissions have also plagued Japan. For this reason, "Japan's restart of nuclear power is imperative. Japan will continue to treat nuclear power as one of the three major base-load power sources, but the proportion of nuclear power may be lower than before." Even if there are still many problems in reality, Japan ’s Planning is still worth looking forward to. "Japan will also invest more manpower and material resources in the research and development of advanced technologies for nuclear power in the future, and strive to create a nuclear power development environment with transparent operation and management and strict accountability, and win public recognition and support again."
In addition, the reporter learned at the forum that the United States will invest more energy to promote the industrialization and commercialization of small reactors, fast neutron reactors and high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, and nuclear power will continue to be an important part of the national clean energy system . "The United States will pay more attention to small modular reactors in the future to reduce the pressure on fossil energy and increase the efficiency of generating units," said Heather Bell, a U.S. Department of Energy official in China.
Correspondingly, Christophe Behar of the Nuclear Energy Department of the French Atomic Energy Commission revealed that in the next few decades, France will vigorously develop fast neutron reactors based on light water reactors as the main reactor type. From 80% to 50% now, the economy and competitiveness of fast neutron reactors will be greatly improved, and the proportion of fast reactors is expected to reach 20% of French nuclear power. " (Wei Jilei)