"As a major nuclear power country, China has never experienced nuclear or radiation accidents that affect the environment or public health." Guo Chengzhan, deputy director of the National Nuclear Safety Administration, recently said that this year is a full 60 years of the establishment of China ’s nuclear industry. year. In the past 30 years, China has never experienced a level 2 or higher operation accident. This is mainly because China has gradually improved and strictly implemented a nuclear safety supervision system. He also said that the "Nuclear Safety Law" has been included in the legislative plan of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and the drafting work is being actively promoted.
Recently, the Ministry of Environmental Protection held an expert interpretation meeting on nuclear telephone questions. The relevant person in charge of the National Nuclear Safety Administration and experts in the field of nuclear safety introduced the state of nuclear power safety management to the media.
At present, China has the world's largest number of nuclear power plants under construction. According to the Medium and Long-Term Development Plan for Nuclear Power approved by the State Council in 2012, by 2020, China's installed nuclear power capacity will reach 88 million kilowatts, second only to the United States, ranking second in the world. . The total number of in-use and discarded radioactive sources in China exceeds 200,000, and continues to increase at a rate of about 15% per year. In addition, there are more than 120,000 ray devices. China has become a veritable nuclear power country.
At the moment when air pollution is frequent, vigorously developing nuclear power is a wise choice. Pan Ziqiang, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, believes that China's air pollution is serious, and fossil fuels, especially coal, are the main source of energy pollution. Pan Ziqiang said, "Nuclear power plants themselves do not emit atmospheric pollutants such as SO2 and PM, and the nuclear power chain is a clean energy source with minimal impact on the environment." Data show that in 2013, China ’s nuclear power generation hours were 7,893 hours, far higher than thermal power 5012 hours. , 3318 hours of hydropower, 2080 hours of wind energy and 1650 hours of solar energy; the economy is good, and the cost of power generation is only higher than that of large-scale hydropower, which is comparable to the cost of coal power, far less than natural gas, wind power and photovoltaic power generation.
However, the issue of nuclear power safety has never left people's attention. In 2011, after the nuclear leak at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan, the approval of nuclear power projects in the Mainland was suspended, mainly because of public concerns about nuclear safety. Nowadays, the haze caused by the traditional energy structure is getting more and more serious, and the environmental protection pressure that traditional energy is currently facing is increasing. Restarting nuclear power is on the agenda.
In this regard, Guo Chengzhan stated that in the 30 years of development and utilization of national nuclear energy, there have never been any operational incidents of level 2 and above. The key is to gradually improve and strictly implement a nuclear safety supervision system.
Guo Chengzhan said that the National Nuclear Safety Administration is China ’s nuclear safety regulatory authority. After the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011, the state reformed the nuclear safety regulatory agency and established a Nuclear Safety and Environment Expert Committee as a decision-making consultation for the National Nuclear Safety Administration. Agency, the National Nuclear Safety Administration guides 31 provincial-level radiation environmental regulatory agencies to carry out work such as radioactive source safety supervision and radiation environmental monitoring.
At the same time, the National Nuclear Safety Administration implemented full-process, comprehensive, and phased supervision of nuclear power plants, reviewing different stages such as site selection, design, construction, operation, and decommissioning; the six regional supervision stations of the National Nuclear Safety Administration conducted nuclear power plants. Supervision of construction quality, equipment manufacturing quality, personnel qualification, operation safety and environmental impact.
It is reported that the National Nuclear Safety Administration plans to release a nuclear safety culture policy statement in the near future, clarifying the basic position on nuclear safety culture, and explaining the eight characteristics of a good nuclear safety culture.
"The nuclear power chain is a safe industry." Pan Ziqiang said. After a comprehensive study of some nuclear accidents at home and abroad, he emphasized that the probability of accidents in the nuclear power chain is very small, even if catastrophic nuclear accidents such as Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and Chernobyl occur in Japan. From the point of view, the conclusion that "nuclear power is a clean and safe energy source" has not changed.
Zhao Yongkang, deputy director of the Nuclear and Radiation Safety Supervision Department of the National Nuclear Safety Administration, said that through the work of the past three years, the comprehensive capacity of the national nuclear power safety has been comprehensively improved, whether it is 20 units in operation or under construction. 28 units have greatly improved safety.
Zhao Yongkang emphasized that the dose rate absorbed by the radiation environment of all nuclear power plants in a timely manner is within the range of local natural local fluctuations. In particular, the activity concentrations of radionuclides in various environmental media such as aerosols, sediments, surface water, groundwater, and soil around the nuclear power plant have not shown significant changes compared with previous years, and all fluctuated within the local natural background level. The radiation dose to the public is far below the nationally prescribed dose limit. (Guangming Net)